Inteligencia Artificial en bibliotecas inclusivas: gestión de servicios para comunidades vulnerables
Palabras clave:
inteligencia artificial, bibliotecas inclusivas, accesibilidad, equidad informacional, diseño universal, ética digital, gobernanza, comunidades vulnerablesResumen
Objetivos: Examinar el potencial de la inteligencia artificial para fortalecer la inclusión informacional en bibliotecas que atienden a personas con discapacidad y comunidades vulnerables, considerando aspectos técnicos, aplicaciones, impacto social y gobernanza ética. Metodología: Revisión documental sistemática y análisis crítico exploratorio‑descriptivo de 140 documentos (2014-2025) seleccionados de bases académicas y organismos internacionales; análisis en cinco dimensiones temáticas. Resultados: NLP, aprendizaje automático y visión por computador habilitan asistentes virtuales, búsquedas semánticas, lectura asistida, recomendaciones personalizadas y conversiones automáticas a formatos accesibles; la integración con diseño universal permite adaptaciones dinámicas. Se identificaron riesgos: brecha digital, brecha algorítmica, sesgos y amenazas a la privacidad. Discusión: La IA puede escalar y personalizar servicios inclusivos, pero su eficacia depende de gobernanza ética, datos representativos y participación comunitaria; sin salvaguardas puede generar “cámaras de eco accesibles”. Conclusión: El impacto positivo requiere un enfoque sistémico: gobernanza participativa, indicadores de equidad, formación continua y evaluación de impacto centrada en la justicia informacional. Aporte: Se evidencia que el valor futuro de las bibliotecas inclusivas dependerá menos de los algoritmos que adopten y más de su capacidad para ejercer liderazgo ético y social en la era digital.
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